[rTorrent](http://libtorrent.rakshasa.no/) 是一个非常简洁、优秀、非常轻量的BT客户端. 它使用了 [ncurses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ncurses 的低端系统上作为远程的 BT 客户端是非常理想的。 ## Contents * [1 安装](#.E5.AE.89.E8.A3.85) * [2 配置](#.E9.85.8D.E7.BD.AE) * [2.1 性能优化](#.E6.80.A7.E8.83.BD.E4.BC.98.E5.8C.96) * [2.2 创建和管理文件](#.E5.88.9B.E5.BB.BA.E5.92.8C.E7.AE.A1.E7.90.86.E6.96.87.E4.BB.B6) * [2.3 端口配置](#.E7.AB.AF.E5.8F.A3.E9.85.8D.E7.BD.AE) * [2.4 附加设置](#.E9.99.84.E5.8A.A0.E8.AE.BE.E7.BD.AE) * [3 管理](#.E7.AE.A1.E7.90.86) * [3.1 Redundant mapping](#Redundant_mapping) * [4 通过Screen使用rTorrent](#.E9.80.9A.E8.BF.87Screen.E4.BD.BF.E7.94.A8rTorrent) * [4.1 On a remote machine](#On_a_remote_machine) * [4.2 Screen后台运行rTorrent](#Screen.E5.90.8E.E5.8F.B0.E8.BF.90.E8.A1.8CrTorrent) * [5 其他提示](#.E5.85.B6.E4.BB.96.E6.8F.90.E7.A4.BA) * [5.1 Send Text Message Upon Torrent Completion Using GMail](#Send_Text_Message_Upon_Torrent_Completion_Using_GMail) * [6 See Also](#See_Also) ## 安装 从 [官方源](/index.php/%E5%AE%98%E6%96%B9%E6%BA%90 "官方源") [安装](/index.php/Pacman_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87) "Pacman (简体中文)") [rtorrent](https://www.archlinux.org/packages/?name=rtorrent) 包。 你也可以从 [AUR](/index.php/AUR "AUR") 中安装 [rtorrent-git](https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/rtorrent-git/) 或 [rtorrent-extended](https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/rtorrent-extended/)。 ## 配置 **注意:** 查看关于此部分的 rTorrent Wiki 文章获取更多信息： [Common Tasks in rTorrent for Dummies](http://libtorrent.rakshasa.no/wiki/RTorrentCommonTasks) 在运行 rTorrent 前,首先要创建默认配置文件，该文件可以从 `/usr/share/doc/rtorrent/rtorrent.rc` 上找到，并将其另存为 `.rtorrent.rc` 放到你的主目录中. ``` $ cp /usr/share/doc/rtorrent/rtorrent.rc ~/.rtorrent.rc ``` 保存后, 使用你喜爱的文本编辑器打开它并进行有必要的改动. 可以简单地去掉那些你需要使用的选项的注释， 如需更详细的资料,请访问[rTorrent Common Tasks](http://libtorrent.rakshasa.no/wiki/RTorrentCommonTasks) ### 性能优化 **注意:** 查看关于此部分的 rTorrent wiki 文章获得更多信息： [性能优化](http://libtorrent.rakshasa.no/wiki/RTorrentPerformanceTuning) 下面这些配置的值主要取决于你的系统和网络速度. 要寻找最佳配置，请访问下面网站并按照指示操作: [优化 BitTorrent 下载速度](http://torrentfreak.com/optimize-your-BitTorrent-download-speed) ``` # 每个种子所允许的最大最小连接数 #min_peers = 40 max_peers = 52 # 同上，针对的是已经完成的种子 （-1 表示和下载中的种子一致） #min_peers_seed = 10 max_peers_seed = 52 # 每个种子的最大同时上传数 max_uploads = 8 # 全局的上传与下载速度限制（以 KB 为单位），“0”表示无限制 download_rate = 200 upload_rate = 28 ``` `check_hash` 选项将在下载完成或 rTorrent 重新启动时对文件进行 Hash 校验。这将确保你获得/做种的文件没有错误： ``` check_hash = yes ``` ### 创建和管理文件 `directory` 选项将决定你的 torrent 数据被保存在哪. 如果你想改变默认保存目录，请务必输入正确的绝对路径; rtorrent 有一个奇怪的 Bug，一些时候它不考虑相对路径(如 ~/torrents): ``` directory = /home/[user]/torrents/ ``` `session` 选项将允许 rTorrent 保存你的 torrents 的进度. 一定要创建一个会话目录 `.session` (普通用户运行:`$ mkdir ~/.session`): ``` session = /home/[user]/.session/ ``` `schedule` 选项将使 rTorrent 监视一个特定目录中的 .torrent 文件。使用这一选项时一定要小心，这将移动 .torrent 文件到你的会话目录下，并将之重命名为其 Hash 值。 当你看到了一个你想要下载的种子文件，你可以使用你的浏览器将这一种子文件保存到这一监视目录下， rTorrent 将会自动的开始下载这一种子文件的内容。必须确保要监视的目录已经被创建(以普通用户身份执行: mkdir ~/watch): ``` # 监听目录中的新的种子文件，并停止那些已经被删除部分的种子 #schedule = watch_directory,5,5,load_start=./watch/*.torrent #schedule = untied_directory,5,5,stop_untied= schedule = watch_directory,5,5,load_start=/home/[user]/watch/*.torrent schedule = untied_directory,5,5,stop_untied= schedule = tied_directory,5,5,start_tied= ``` 下面的 `schedule` 选项将使 rTorrent 在磁盘空间不足时停止。 这对于[Seedbox](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seedbox "wikipedia:Seedbox")这种磁盘空间非常有限的设备来说是很有用的。按照你的喜好来改变下面的数值： ``` # 当磁盘空间不足时停止下载 schedule = low_diskspace,5,60,close_low_diskspace=100M ``` ### 端口配置 `port_range` 选项将指定选用哪一个端口去侦听。建议使用高于 49152 的端口。虽然 rTorrent 允许使用多个的端口，还是建议使用单个的端口。 ``` port_range = 49164-49164 ``` Additionally, make sure port forwarding is enabled for the proper port(s) (see: [Port Forward Guides](http://portforward.com/english/routers/port_forwarding/routerindex.htm)). ### 附加设置 `encryption` 选项使能加密功能。 使用加密功能十分重要not only for yourself, but also for your peers in the torrent swarm. 人们也许需要对它们的网络提供商模糊其带宽使用。即使你不需要这些保护，开启加密也不会对你有所负作用。详细信息请见： [Bittorrent Protocol Encryption](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BitTorrent_protocol_encryption "wikipedia:BitTorrent protocol encryption") ``` # 加密选项，设为0（默认情况）或下面的任何一个： # allow_incoming, try_outgoing, require, require_RC4, enable_retry, prefer_plaintext # # 如下例中的值将允许将接入连接加密，开始时以非加密方式作为连接的输出方式， # 如行不通则以加密方式进行重试，在加密握手后，优先选择将纯文本以 RC4 加密 # # encryption = allow_incoming,enable_retry,prefer_plaintext encryption = allow_incoming,try_outgoing,enable_retry ``` 下面的选项用以加入 DHT 支持。如果你使用了 public trackers，你可能希望使能 DHT 以获得更多的连接。如果你仅仅使用了私有的连接，**请不要使能 DHT**，因为这将降低你的速度，并可能造成一些隐密的危险。一些私有连接甚至会就使用 DHT 而向你发出警告。 ``` # 使能对 trackerless torrents 或当所有的 tracker 都停止情况下的 DHT 支持。 # 可以被设置为 "disable" （完全禁止 DHT），“off“（不启动 DHT）， "auto"（按需要启 # 动或停止 DHT）或者 "on" (即时开启 DHT)。 # 默认设置为 "off"。要使 DHT 工作，会话目录必须被定义。 # # dht = auto # UDP 使用 UHT的端口 # # dht_port = 6881 # 使能 peer 的交换 (对那些没有被标记为私有的 torrent) # # peer_exchange = yes ``` **Note:** See the rTorrent wiki article on this subject for more information: [Using DHT](http://libtorrent.rakshasa.no/wiki/RTorrentUsingDHT) ## 管理 | Cmd | Action | | Ctrl-q | Quit application | | Left | Returns to the previous screen | | Right | Goes to the next screen | | Backspace | Adds the specified *.torrent | rTorrent依靠用户输入的专有的快捷键.可在官方网站上查看完整的: [rTorrent用户指南](http://libtorrent.rakshasa.no/wiki/RTorrentUserGuide) **注意:** 快速敲击 `Ctrl-q` 两次会使得 rTorrent 关闭，而不会等待向连接的 tracker 发送停止声明。 这里是一些最基础的快速参考： * Control-q : closes rTorrent, done twice makes the program shutdown without waiting to send stopping information to the trackers. * Left arrow : returns to the previous screen. * Right arrow : goes to the next screen. * a|s|d : increase global upload throttle about 1|5|50 KB/s * A|S|D : increase global download throttle about 1|5|50 KB/s * z|x|c : decrease global upload throttle about 1|5|50 KB/s * Z|X|C : decrease global download throttle about 1|5|50 KB/s * Control-S : starts download * Control-D : stops an active download, removes a stopped download. * + or - : changes the download priority of selected torrent. * Backspace : adds the specified .torrent. After pressing this button write full path or URL of .torrent file. You can use Tab and other tricks from bash. ### Redundant mapping `Ctrl-s` is often used for terminal control to stop screen output while `Ctrl-q` is used to start it. These mappings may interfere with rTorrent. Check to see if these terminal options are bound to a mapping: `$ stty -a` ``` ... swtch = ; start = ^Q; stop = ^S; susp = ^Z; rprnt = ^R; werase = ^W; lnext = ^V; ... ``` To remove the mappings, change the terminal characteristics to undefine the aforementioned special characters (i.e. `stop` and `start`): ``` # stty stop undef # stty start undef ``` To remove these mappings automatically at startup you may add the two preceding commands to your `~/.bashrc` file. ## 通过Screen使用rTorrent Screen 是允许CLI应用程序在后台运行并支持X运行的一个程序. 安装: ``` pacman -S screen ``` 然后复制screenrc到你的用户主目录: ``` cp /etc/screenrc ~/.screenrc ``` 要总是通过Screen来运行rTorrent,在.screenrc文件中添加以下内容: ``` screen -t rtorrent rtorrent ``` 要运行screen和rTorrent, 只要简单的在终端运行*screen*就可以了. Control-a followed by d will detach screen, and running *screen -r* will open screen again. ### On a remote machine Most setups of rTorrent on a remote machine involve using Screen. Supposing you have a detached Screen session with rtorrent on the remote machine (and the option to [SSH](/index.php/SSH "SSH") into it), you can gain access to it using: `/usr/bin/ssh -t -p @ screen -RD` If you want immediate access on startup, you will need to [upload a key](http://bloggerdigest.blogspot.com/2006/11/ssh-auto-login-or-passwordless-login.html) from your machine to remote host (so you will not be prompted for a password) and setup a terminal to run the command above. An inittab example using [rungetty](https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/rungetty/) on virtual console 4: `sam:45:respawn:/sbin/rungetty tty4 -u -- /usr/bin/ssh -t -p @ screen -RD` ### Screen后台运行rTorrent I use this on my home server to run rtorrent w/ screen as a daemon. With the username *rtorrent* Just create an *rtorrent* file in your */etc/rc.d/* and add the following code. ``` #!/bin/bash . /etc/rc.conf . /etc/rc.d/functions case "$1" in start) stat_busy "Starting rtorrent" su rtorrent -c 'screen -d -m rtorrent' &> /dev/null if [ $? -gt 0 ]; then stat_fail else add_daemon rtorrent stat_done fi  ;; stop) stat_busy "Stopping rtorrent" killall -w -s 2 /usr/bin/rtorrent &> /dev/null if [ $? -gt 0 ]; then stat_fail else rm_daemon rtorrent stat_done fi  ;; restart) $0 stop sleep 1 $0 start  ;; *) echo "usage: $0 {start|stop|restart}" esac exit 0 ``` On a remote computer I use the following script to connect to the server's daemon process: ``` ssh -t rtorrent@192.168.1.10 'screen -r' ``` ## 其他提示 * To use rTorrent with a tracker that uses https, do the following as root: ``` cd /etc/ssl/certs wget --no-check-certificate https://www.geotrust.com/resources/root_certificates/certificates/Equifax_Secure_Global_eBusiness_CA-1.cer mv Equifax_Secure_Global_eBusiness_CA-1.cer Equifax_Secure_Global_eBusiness_CA-1.pem c_rehash ``` And from now on run rTorrent with: ``` rtorrent -o http_capath=/etc/ssl/certs ``` Be sure to change .screenrc to reflect this change if you use screen: ``` screen -t rtorrent rtorrent -o http_capath=/etc/ssl/certs ``` * To create .torrent files, I recommend [mktorrent](https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?do_Details=1&ID=10635&O=0&L=0&C=0&K=mktorrent&SB=n&SO=a&PP=25&do_MyPackages=0&do_Orphans=0&SeB=nd) for commandline interface or [RubyTorrent](http://benclarke.ca/rubytorrent/) for GUI. ### Send Text Message Upon Torrent Completion Using GMail Cell phone providers allow you to "email" your phone: ``` Verizon: 10digitphonenumber@vtext.com Former AT&T customers: 10digitphonenumber@mmode.com Sprint: 10digitphonenumber@messaging.sprintpcs.com T-Mobile: 10digitphonenumber@tmomail.net Nextel: 10digitphonenumber@messaging.nextel.com Cingular: 10digitphonenumber@cingularme.com Virgin Mobile: 10digitphonenumber@vmobl.com Alltel: 10digitphonenumber@alltelmessage.com OR 10digitphonenumber@message.alltel.com CellularOne: 10digitphonenumber@mobile.celloneusa.com Omnipoint: 10digitphonenumber@omnipointpcs.com Qwest: 10digitphonenumber@qwestmp.com ``` If you have Verizon, your cell phone's "email" is 5551234567@vtext.com * Install **Heirloom's mailx** program: ``` pacman -S mailx-heirloom ``` * Clear the /etc/nail.rc file and enter: ``` set smtp=smtp.gmail.com:587 set smtp-use-starttls set ssl-verify=ignore set ssl-auth=login set smtp-auth-user=USERNAME@gmail.com set smtp-auth-password=PASSWORD ``` Now to send the text, we must pipe a message to the mailx program. * Make a bash script (/path/to/mail.sh): ``` echo "Torrent Done" | mailx 5551234567@vtext.com ``` * And finally, add the important ~/.rtorrent.rc line: ``` on_finished = move_complete,"execute=/path/to/mail.sh" ``` **Note:** The "move complete" won't affect anything. I couldn't get it to work without it. ## See Also [Screen Tips](/index.php/Screen_Tips "Screen Tips") A Detailed Intro to Bittorrent including definition of terms [terms](http://www.dessent.net/btfaq/#terms)